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Patented Apr. 25, |899.

D. UHARE.

CALENDAR.

(Application ined Oct. 5, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

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D. OHAHE.

CALENDAR.

(Application med Oct. 5, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 (No Model.)

Lmaa. wAsmNsmN n r No. 623,8l3. Patented Apr. 25, 1899. n. oHARE.

CALENDAR.

(Application med oct. 5, 189s.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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llnirrn DANIEL OHARE, OF VASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

CALENDAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 623,813, dated April 25, 1899.

Application filed October 5, 1898.

T0 all whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, DANIEL OHARE, a citi' zen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Calendars, of which 'the following is a specification.

My invention relates to calendars, and contemplates the provision of a simple and inexpensive perpetual calendar which is adapted to be quickly and easily set for any one of a plurality of years without the necessity of calculation, and being set for any but a leapyear displaysall of the days of the week and all of the days of the month thereof in proper juxtaposition, and thus enables a person to see at a glance the day of the week on which a day of any month in the year falls, o r vice versa. This is also true of the period between the 1st of January and the 29th of February when the calendar is set for a leap-year, and is also true of the remainder of the leapyear when the calendar shall have been adjusted to make the 1st of March fall on the day of the week following that on which the 29th of February falls.

The invention also contemplates the pro- Vision of a calendar embracing a movable face of transparent material so equipped as to enable it to perform the additional function of an indicator for showing the day of the week and the day of the month on which ends a fixed period of time beginning on a day precedent. v

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be fully understood from the following description and claims when taken in conjunction with the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a. calendar embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view o f the fixed base-disk of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken in the plane indicated by the broken line 3 3 of Fig. 1 and showing the hanger as partly broken away. Fig. 4 is a plan View of the combined transparent face and indicator, and Fig. 5 is a plan view of a portion of the rotary disk.

In the said drawings similar letters desig-v nate corresponding parts in all of the several views, referring to which- A is the base-disk of the calendar, which Serial No. 692,719, (No model.)

for the sake of cheapuess in manufacture is preferably formed of cardboard, although it may be formed of any other material suitable to the purposes of my invention. Said disk is provided on its face with characters (preferably numerals) indicating years, the same being preferably placed in blocks for the sake of exactness and being arranged chronologically in a circular manner. The calendar shown covers the period between the years 1896 and 2000, inclusive, and therefore such years are indicated on the disk, the years 1896 to 1958 being disposed in proper sequence from left to right in an outer circle a and the years 1959 to 2000 being disposed in a similar manner in an inner circle or portion ofcircle b, which has its beginning opposite the year 1896 of the outer circle. When the calendar is intended to cover a great-er period of time than that stated, the number of years is of course increased, while when it isintended to cover a shorter period the number of years is diminished. The circulararrangement of the years is, however, always preserved, for reasons which will presently appear.

B is a circular scale which might be borne bythe base-disk A, but which in the preferred embodiment of the invention is placed on an annulus C, of cardboard or other material, fixed with respect to the base-disk and serving with the same tov form the bodyofthe calendar. The said scale has twelve divisions c, which bear the names of the months in a year, arranged in chronological order from left to right, and it also has three hundred and sixtyfour subdivisions d d' di, which bear the numbers of the days in the several months, as shown. The two subdivisions d' cl2 differ from the three hundred and sixty-two subdivisions d in that they each bear two numbers, the numbers in the subdivision d being 31, indicating the last day of December, and 1, indicating the first day of January, and the numbers in the subdivision d2 being 29, indicating the last day of February, which is peculiar to leap-years, and 1,indieating the first day ofMarch.

Each year, excepting leap-years, ends on the same week-day that it begins, and I have therefore arranged the numerals 3l and 1 iu one subdivision d of the scale B in order to have said scale embrace the same IOO number of subdivisions as the scale on the rotary disk presently described,which is neeessary to the perpetual feature of my invention. For the same reason I have arranged the numerals 20 and l in the one division (Z2. i

In addition tothe graduations and inscriptions mentioned the scale B is by preference provided below the name of each month with an inscription of the number of days therein and is also provided at proper points with marks and inscriptions indicating the middle, beginning, and end of each of the several seasons of the year.

D is the rotary disk of the calendar, which is arranged against the face of the base-disk A and is pivotally connected thereto by a central rivet e or other suitable means. This disk D, which is also preferably formed of cardboard, is provided with year-indieating means, preferably a number of openings f corresponding to the number of rows of years on the base-disk A, said openings being arranged to expose the years as they become coincident with the same. Said disk is also provided, adjacent to its periphery, with a circular scale g, which embraces three hundred and sixty-four gradual ions or divisions 7L. These divisions 7L are provided with the initial ALBI, C 717,73 ""f? C VI, C( F, L( S37 and the abbreviation Sun. or other suitable inscriptions indicating the days of the week, the said inscriptions beingarranged in chronological sequence from left to right, as shown.

The parts thus far described and the graduations and inscriptions thereon are disposed in the manner shown in the drawings. Consequently when the disk D is turned to bring one of the openings f coincident with a series of characters on disk A indicative of a year other than a leap-year the year will be exposed through the opening, and the graduations on the disk D will rest in proper juxtaposition to the graduations of scale B and plainly display the days of the week on which the days of every month in the said year fall. From this it follows that when the calendar is to be used simply to show the days of the week on which all the days of a year other than a leap-year fall it is necessary to set it but once a year.

When the diskD is turned to expose a leapyear through one of the openings f, the grad uations on the disk D will rest in proper juxtaposition tlo the grad nations of scale l and correctly display the days of the week on whichY the days of the month between the 1st of January and the 20th of February fall. They will also correctly display the days of the week on which the days of the month after the 29th of February fall when the disk D shall have been adjusted to make the lst of March fall on the day of the week following that on which the 29th of February falls, this being rendered necessary by the additional day in February peculiari/o leap-years.

The foregoing is true of 'every year and leap-year inscribed on the disk A, the calendar being setr to indicate the days of the week on which the days of every month in a year other than a leap-year fall as soon as the characters indicative of the year are properly exposed through one opening j' ofthe disk D, and when the calendar is set to properly expose a leap-year through one of the openings f of disk D the days of the week and the days of the month are made to restin proper juxtaposition from the first of the year tothe 29th day of February,when the slight adjustment of disk D mentioned becomes necessary to' make allowance for the additional day in February and make the days of the week and the days of the month ofthe remainderof the leapyear rest in proper juxtaposition. It follows from this that by turning the disk D to the right or left and exposing any year-past, present, or future-through one of the openings fthereof the days of the week on which the days of lthe month in said year fall will be plainly indicated. This is due to the circular arrangement of the years on the disk A and the fact that the scale g on disk D and the scale B on the fixed body of the calendar I have the same number of graduations and also have said graduations arranged in the relation shown t-o the years on the disk A.

The inscriptions on disk A representing years are, as before described, preferably arranged in blocks. These blocks are so disposed that when the left-hand line of one is'brought into alinement with the left-hand wall of one openingf in the disk D the graduations of the scales B and g will exactly register.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention the disk D is provided with radial pieces E, which extend from its periphery and are interposed and movable between the annulus C and the base D of the calendar. For the purpose of enabling a person to readily turn the disk D through the medium of the fingerpieces E the annulus C is provided with a circular slot F, which the linger-pieces E intersect after the manner shown in Fig. l.

G is a hanger which is disposed 'in rear of the body of the calendar and is pivotally connected thereto through the medium of the rivet e. This hanger has an aperture t' to permit of it being placed upon a nail or the like, and it also has two lips j, which are arranged about the proportional distance illustrated apart and rest over the front of Ithe calendar, as shown.

The lips I7' are designed to receive a current month between them in order to distinguish the same from the others and make it more prominent, and the calendar being adapted to rotate with respect to the hanger it follows that when the month between the lips j has expired the calendar may be readily moved to bring the succeeding month to a position between the said lips.

II is the transparent face of the calendar, which is pivotally mounted on the rivet c in IOO front of the diskD and preferably has its edge loosely arranged between the annulus C and au outer annulus I, the said annulus I having a slot 7i: coincident with the slot F thereof, so as to permit of the finger-pieces E being readily engaged by the fingers to turn the disk D, as described.

The base-disk A, annulus C, and annulus I are secured together, and the connection may be effected by any means suitable to the purposes of my invention. I prefer, however, to connect the said parts by metallic clips I, which straddle the edges of and have prongs sunk in the same, as shown.

In order to enable the transparent face to serve the additional function of an indicator for showing the day of the week and the day of the month on which ends a fixed period of time beginning on a day precedent, it is made rotary, as described, an d is provided with one or more pairs of pointers, the pointers of each pair being fixed on the face with respect to each other. Any number of pairs of pointers may be provided on the transparent face, and the pointers may be formed by cutting slots in the face, by attaching devices thereto, or by marking or printing on the face. Because of cheapness in the manufacture of the calendar I prefer the latter mode of providing the transparent face with pointers and have accordingly illustrated the same. I also prefer to provide four pairs of pointers, the same being lettered K, L, M, and N, respectively. The pointers comprised in the pair K are arranged such a distance apart that with the calendar set for the current year and the rear pointer placed on the day on which a thirty-day note is drawn the forward pointer will point to the day of the week and the day of the particular month on which said note matures. Vhen the rear pointer of the pair L is placed at a date on which a sixty-day note is drawn, the forward pointer thereof will point to the day of the week' and the day of the month on which the note matures. Likewise when the rear pointer of the pair M is placed at the date on which a Vninety-day note is drawn the forward pointer thereof will point to the day of the week and day of the month on which said note matures.

The "transparent face H is rotatable with respect to the remainder of the calendar, and it will therefore be appreciated that aperson knowing the date and duration of a note may very quickly and easily ascertain the day of the week and the day of the month on which it matures. It follows from this that my improved calendar is calculated to save the time of clerks and others that would otherwise be taken up by calculation and that therefore it will be found of advantage in banks and othercommercial and business houses, as well as in the home.

The pair of pointers N are arranged such a distance apart that4 when the rear pointer is placed on the day on which a lunar month of twentyeight days begins thev forward pointer will mark the day of the week and the day of the month on which it ends. This pair of pointers N is designed more particularly for use at home to mark the periods of women, and it maybe omitted, when desired, from those calendars designed to be placed in businesshouses. Likewisethepairsof pointers K, L, and M may, when desired, be omitted from calendars designed for use in home alone.

It is obvious that whenever any of the intervals of time mentioned in the foregoing includes the lst of January allowance'must be made for the fact that the inscriptions representing December 3l and January l are arranged in a common subdivision of the scale B. During leap-years whenever any of the said intervals of time include the 28th of February allowance must be made for the fact that inscriptions representing February 28 and 29 are arranged in a common subdivision of the scale B. To make the allowances mentioned, it is simply necessary for the user of the calendar to know that whenever any of the intervals of time includes either of the dates mentioned the day after that indicated by the forward pointer is the date of the expiration of the interval of time.

It will be appreciated from the foregoing that I have provided a very simple and cheap perpetual calendar and one which may be quickly and easily set and adjusted without calculation on the part of the operator, which is an important desideratum.

Having thus described my inventon,what I claim is- IOO l. A calendar comprising a base or body having a plurality of years inscribed on its face and arranged in a circular manner and chronological sequence, and also having the names of all the months in a year and numbers indicating the days of the said months arranged in chronological sequencein a circle around the inscriptions of years, and a disk disposed in front of the base orbodyand having year-indicating means, and also having inscriptions indicating the days of all the weeks in a year arranged in chronological sequence in a circle on its face; the said base or body and disk being pivotally united so as to enable one to turn with respect to the other, substantially as specified.

2. A calendar comprising a base or body having a plurality of years, inscribed on its face and arranged in a circular manner and chronological sequence, and also having an annular scale on its face surrounding the'inscriptions of years and embracing twelve divisions bearing the names of all the months in a year arranged in chronological sequence, and three hundred and sixty-four subdivisions bearing the numbers of the days of the month in a year arranged in chronological sequence with the 31st of December and the lst of January occupying a common subdivision, and a disk arranged in front of the base or body and having year-indicating means and also having an annular scale embracing three hundred and sixty-four divisions bearing inscriptions indicative of the days of the week in a year arranged in chronological sequence; said base or body and disk being pivotally united so as to enable one to turn with respect to the other, substantially as specified.

3. A calendar comprising a base or body having a plurality of years inscribed on its face and arranged in a circular manner and chronological sequence, and also having the names of the months in a year and numbers indicating the days of the month arranged in chronological sequence in a circle around the inscriptions of years, and a disk arranged in front of the base or body and having one or more openings arranged to expose the yearinscriptions as it becomes coincident with the same and also having inscriptions indicating the days of the week in a year arranged in chronological sequence in a circle on its face; said base or body and disk being pivotally united so as to enable one to turn with respect to the other, substantially as specified.

et. A calendar comprising a base or body having a plurality of years, inscribed on its face and arranged in a circular manner and chronological sequence, and also having an annular scale on its face surrounding the inscriptions of years and embracing twelve divisions bearing the names ot' the months in a year arranged in chronological sequence, and

three hundred and sixty-four subdivisions bearing the numbers of the days of the month in a year arranged in chronological sequence with the 31st of December and the lst of .lanuaryoccupyinga common subdivision and the 29th of February and the lst of March occupying another common subdivision, and a disk arranged in front ofthe base or body and having an openingarranged to expose the year-inscriptions as it becomes coincident with the same and also having an annular scale embracing three hundred and sixty-four divisions bearing inscriptions indicative of the days of the week in a year arranged in chronological sequence; said base or body and disk being pivotally united so as to enable one to turn with respect to the other, substantially as specied.

5. A calendar, comprising a base or body having a plurality of years inscribed on its face and arranged in a circular manner and chronological sequence, and also having the names of the months in a year and numbers indicating the days of the month arranged in chronological sequence in a circle around the inscriptions of years, and a rotary disk disposed in front of the base or body and having year-indicating means and also having inscriptions indicative of he days of the week in a year arranged in chronological sequence on it-s face, in combination with a rotary, combined transparent face and indicator superposed on the disk and base or body, and suitable means pivotally uniting the base or body, the rotary disk, and the combined transparent face and indicator, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

G. In a calendar, a base or body having a plurality of years inscribed on its face and arranged in a circular manner and chronological sequence and also having a slotted annulus fixedly connected to it and bearing the names of the months in a year and numbers indicating the days of the month arranged in chronological sequence in a circle, a rotary disk disposed in front of the base or body and having radial finger-pieces arranged at intervals of its periphery and interposed and movable between the base or body and annulus thereof and intersecting the slot of thelatter and also having year-indicating means and inscriptions indicative of the days ofthe week in a year arranged in chronological sequence on its face, and a suitable means pivotally uniting the rotary disk and the base or body, substantially as specified.

7. In a calendar, a circular base or body having a plurality of years inscribed on its face and arranged in a circular manner and chronological sequence,and also having a slotted annulus xedly connected to it and bearing the names of the months in a year and numbers indicating the days of the month arranged in chronological sequence in a circle around the inscription of years, a disk disposed in front of the baseor body and having radial linger-pieces arranged at intervals of its periphery and interposed and movable between the base or body andthe annulus thereof and also having year-indicating means and inscriptions indicative of the days of the week in a year arranged in chronological sequence in a circle on its face, a hanger arranged back of the base or body and having two lips arranged a distance apart and overhanging the face thereof, and suitable means pivotally connecting the base or body, the rotary disk and the hanger, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

DANIEL OHARE. Witnesses:

THOMAS E. TURPIN, Jnssin G. CRoNnY.

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